More than 80% of Ghanaian fishers now recognise the government's closed fishing season policy as scientifically based. This finding comes from a three-year assessment by the Environmental Justice Foundation (EJF) concluded in 2023.
The assessment showed that fishers, especially those involved in biological monitoring, understood the policy's benefits. This engagement led to increased pride in contributing to the nation's fish population recovery. The closed season aims to replenish vital marine resources that are crucial for Ghana's coastal communities.
Ghana's marine fisheries provide livelihoods for about 10% of the population. They contribute 80% of the country's total fish production. However, like many global fisheries, Ghana's stocks are severely depleted due to overfishing. Small pelagic fish, known as the 'people's fish' like sardinella, are particularly at risk of collapse.
Dr. Edna Quansah, EJF's Science and Research Manager in Ghana, stated that the research confirms the closed season's necessity. She highlighted strong community support for the policy. Dr. Quansah emphasised that involving communities in shaping, implementing, and monitoring these policies is essential for their success.
Almost half of the 120 fishers trained by EJF as citizen scientists reported greater trust in regulators. An impressive 92% demonstrated a strong scientific understanding of the policy. Furthermore, 85% expressed a desire to participate in future training programs. This improved engagement suggests a path towards more collaborative fisheries management.
Fishers recommended several improvements for future closed seasons. They asked the government for early and clear announcements. They also requested expanded educational initiatives through local media and community meetings. These measures would ensure wider understanding and compliance.
Crucially, fishers appealed for soft loans or financial support during the closed season. Such assistance would alleviate financial hardship for families reliant on daily catches. Stricter enforcement against illegal fishing was also a key request. This would ensure the ecological benefits of the closed season are fully realised.
Ghana first implemented closed seasons for industrial marine fishing in 2016. In 2019, the policy extended to all fishing fleets, including artisanal fishers. The Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture recently announced exemptions for marine canoe artisanal fishers in 2025 and 2026. These fishers must comply with other traditional and statutory management measures.
The sustainability of Ghana's fisheries has significant economic implications. The sector supports food security and direct income for over 200 coastal communities. Effective management policies, backed by scientific understanding and community involvement, are critical for the long-term health of these vital resources and the livelihoods they sustain.