The Ghana Association of Radiologists (GAR) has called for decisive government action against illegal mining, locally known as galamsey. This plea addresses a direct link between illegal mining activities and a significant increase in kidney disease cases across Ghana.
Chemicals such as mercury and cyanide, frequently used in artisanal gold mining, are contaminating major water bodies. These harmful substances expose communities to toxins that damage kidneys and other vital organs. A recent Ghana News Agency report stated that about 13% of the adult population, an estimated 4 million people, are living with chronic kidney disease. Many affected individuals are between 20 and 50 years old, representing the country’s most productive demographic.
This public health crisis impacts Ghana's economic and social fabric. The widespread contamination of water sources and the resulting health issues could strain the healthcare system and reduce workforce productivity. The fight against illegal mining has been a persistent challenge for successive governments, despite various interventions and military deployments. Data consistently show environmental degradation linked to galamsey, impacting agriculture, water supply, and public health.
Dr. Francis Ofei, President of GAR, emphasised the severity of the situation. Speaking at the 14th Annual General and Scientific Meeting (AGSM) in Accra, Dr. Ofei stated, “The indiscriminate use of mercury and cyanide in artisanal gold mining operations has resulted in catastrophic contamination of our water bodies.” He continued, “This situation is not merely an environmental issue. It is a public health catastrophe.” Rivers like the Pra, Birim, Ankobra, and Offin are among those severely affected by this pollution. Dr. Ofei also stressed the need for increased investment in diagnostic imaging equipment and collaboration among healthcare professionals for early disease detection.
The government must now consider robust measures to curb illegal mining effectively. This includes strengthening enforcement, finding alternative livelihoods for miners, and implementing large-scale public health campaigns. The financial burden on the healthcare system will likely increase without immediate action to mitigate the spread of kidney disease. Furthermore, contaminated water sources will impact other sectors, including agriculture and tourism. Decision-makers will need to balance economic pressures with the urgent need to protect the health of Ghana’s citizens and natural resources.