Ghana’s land ownership system is described as deeply confusing and chaotic. Senior Partner at AB & David Africa, David Ofosu-Dorte, made this assessment. He warned that this complexity is a major barrier to effective urban management. It also hinders economic growth across the nation.
Mr. Ofosu-Dorte spoke at a JoyNews and Amalgam of Professional Bodies event. The event focused on better city management for economic growth. He finds Ghana’s land tenure structure particularly complicated. He believes it is one of the most complex he has seen worldwide. This issue stems from historical policies, including colonial-era laws. Attempts to reform land ownership have long been contentious.
The roots of the problem go back to the colonial period. Policies like the Land Trust Act sparked significant opposition. This historical context makes any changes difficult. Land ownership involves many groups. These include traditional rulers and family units. This often results in overlapping claims. Such overlap creates uncertainty and inefficiency in managing land resources. Issues like double documentation also worsen the situation.
Mr. Ofosu-Dorte highlighted the sensitive nature of land. He stated “I don’t know of any country in the world where land ownership issues are more confused and chaotic than Ghana.” This complexity affects areas where land ownership is separate from what is built on it. Ghana’s system makes ownership itself very chaotic. Without solving these structural challenges, Ghana's efforts to manage cities will be limited. Unlocking the full economic potential of urban areas will be difficult.
The current situation creates significant problems for investors. It also impacts citizens seeking clear title to their property. Addressing these deep-seated issues requires careful consideration of historical factors. It needs a coordinated approach involving all stakeholders. The legal framework for land administration needs serious reform. This would provide clarity and security for all Ghanaians.