European airlines are considering using jet fuel from the United States to prevent possible shortages. This comes as a conflict in the Middle East has disrupted traditional supply routes. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) has suggested that accepting US-grade jet fuel could help avoid supply problems.
The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has created safety guidelines for using US jet fuel. This guidance explains how it can be introduced into the European market. It also details the potential risks involved. The European Union stated there are no regulatory blocks to using US fuel if it is handled safely. The price of jet fuel, which most European airlines currently use, has increased by 50% since the start of the conflict.
Stuart Fox, IATA's director of flight and technical operations, warned about potential fuel shortages if the Middle East conflict continues. He highlighted that wider acceptance of US Jet A fuel could ease pressure on existing supply chains. Europe relies heavily on imports from the Gulf region for Jet A-1 fuel. Supplies from that area have significantly decreased. Increased shipments from the US are only partially filling the gap. Many US refineries are not equipped to produce Jet A-1, limiting export potential.
Jet A-1 is the global standard for aviation fuel. It has a lower freezing point, making it suitable for long-haul and polar routes. Jet A is primarily used in North America. Both are forms of kerosene and are very similar. However, Jet A's higher freezing point requires careful management for flights in cold regions. Airlines in North America use Jet A daily. They manage operations in cold climates through fuel additives and careful flight planning.
EASA has issued a safety information bulletin. It provides advice for fuel suppliers and airport operators. The bulletin states that introducing Jet A in Europe would not create safety concerns if managed properly. However, it cautioned that improper management could lead to aircraft operating outside safe limits. Inconsistent fuel availability at different airports could increase the risk of mixing different fuel grades. This mismatch could cause operational problems.
The European Union confirmed there are no mandatory rules for using either fuel type. They also stated there are no regulatory barriers to importing and using Jet A fuel in Europe. This is as long as its use is managed and communicated effectively. The fuel supply chain must ensure the highest safety standards are met. IAG, the owner of British Airways, reported no current fuel availability issues in its main markets. However, it acknowledges potential problems if Middle East conflict restrictions on oil and jet fuel flows persist. Such a situation could lead to global jet fuel supply restrictions.